Combat & Damage Formula — Angels Online Wiki

Combat Statistics

ATK (平均攻擊)

Average Attack Power

Base physical attack. Comes from weapon + character base + skill nodes. Rolled ± ATK Variance each hit.

ATK Variance (攻擊變數)

Attack Variance

Random spread of the attack roll. Final roll = random(ATK − var, ATK + var). Typically 2–10% of base ATK.

DEF (防禦力 / 防禦)

Physical Defense

Flat reduction from physical hits. Comes from armor, shield, rings, skill nodes.

MATK (魔攻)

Magic Attack Power

Magic attack power for spells. Caster's MATK affects magic spell damage (as a modifier on top of spell base damage).

MDEF (魔防)

Magic Defense

Flat reduction from magic/spell hits. Comes from robes, rings, accessories.

HIT (精準)

Accuracy

Determines whether an attack connects. Compared against target DODGE. Skills like Archery +4 HIT.

DODGE (靈敏)

Evasion / Agility

Chance to avoid being hit. Compared against attacker HIT. Skills like Agility Mastery +4 DODGE.

Crit Rate (重擊機率)

Critical Hit Chance %

Probability of a critical hit (typically ×1.5× damage). Base 5% on most monsters. Stacks from equipment/buffs.

CON Resist (體質抵抗)

Constitution Resistance

Resistance to physical-type status effects (stun, slow, bind). Default 10 for monsters.

SPR Resist (心靈抵抗)

Spirit Resistance

Resistance to mental/magic-type status effects (silence, fear, debuffs). Default 30 for monsters.

Physical Attack Formula

Physical Auto-attack Melee / Ranged

Step 1 — Attack Roll

ATK_roll = random( ATK − ATK_var , ATK + ATK_var )

Step 2 — Empirical Formula (verified in-game)

final_dmg = floor( K × (ATK_roll + DEF) / DEF )
// K ≈ 12 (empirical constant from 7 in-game test cases)
// Minimum damage ≈ 12 even at ATK 0 — DEF never fully blocks

Step 3 — Critical

if crit: final_dmg = final_dmg × 1.5 // approx; exact multiplier in server binary

Key insight: damage is proportional to ATK/DEF ratio, not ATK minus DEF. High DEF reduces damage by shrinking the ratio, but never to zero — there is always a minimum floor (≈12 when K=12). Example: ATK=5, DEF=211 → floor(12 × 216 / 211) = 12 damage, not 1.

ATK for the attacker is the sum of: weapon base ATK + flat bonuses from armor/accessories + per-level skill node bonuses. Example weapon (item #4, lv5): ATK = 30, Variance = ±2 → ATK_roll range is 28–32.

Spell / Magic Damage Formula

Magic Spells 公式 type 1

Spells define their own base damage (平均傷害), independent of MATK, then apply a coefficient multiplier. MATK from skill nodes still boosts spell damage but likely as a secondary additive modifier (server-side).

Standard formula (公式 = 1)

base = random( 平均傷害 − 傷害變數 , 平均傷害 + 傷害變數 )
spell_dmg = base × (傷害係數 / 100)
final_dmg = max(1, spell_dmg − target.MDEF)

傷害係數 (damage coefficient) is a percentage multiplier baked into the spell:
100 = normal (×1.0) · 110 = +10% (×1.1) · 122 = +22% (×1.22)

Percentage-based (公式 = 6)

Used by resurrection spells. Uses 動態參數1 as percentage of target's max HP to restore. E.g., 動態參數1="10" = restore 10% HP, "20" = 20% HP.

Buff spells (no damage)

Spells without 平均傷害 provide flat stat bonuses (e.g., 物理傷害抵銷, 魔法傷害抵銷, 物理命中, 物理迴避). Duration set by 持續時間 (seconds).

Spell Buff/Debuff Types

Attribute (CN)	English	Effect
物理傷害	Physical Damage	Flat bonus to dealt physical damage
魔法傷害	Magic Damage	Flat bonus to dealt magic damage
物理傷害抵銷	Phys. Damage Reduction	Flat reduction of received physical damage
魔法傷害抵銷	Magic Damage Reduction	Flat reduction of received magic damage
物理命中	Physical Hit Bonus	Adds to HIT accuracy for physical attacks
物理迴避	Physical Evasion	Adds to DODGE for physical attacks
物理反彈	Physical Reflect	Reflects a portion of physical damage back
魔法反彈	Magic Reflect	Reflects a portion of magic damage back
連擊次數	Hit Count	Number of times a skill hits
連擊間隔	Hit Interval	Delay between multi-hits (ms)

Elemental Damage System

Fire 火焰 Lightning 雷電 Ice 寒冰 Acid/Corrosion 腐蝕

Elemental proc formula

proc chance = 機率 %
elem_dmg = elem_attack − target.elem_resist
final_elem = max(0, elem_dmg) // added to physical hit damage

Elemental attacks trigger on hit with a probability (機率). Both weapons and monsters can carry elemental attacks. Targets have separate resistances per element.

Element	Attack field	Resist field	Proc field
🔥 Fire	火焰攻擊	火焰防禦	火焰機率
⚡ Lightning	雷電攻擊	雷電防禦	雷電機率
❄️ Ice	寒冰攻擊	寒冰防禦	寒冰機率
☠️ Acid	腐蝕攻擊	腐蝕防禦	腐蝕機率

Example Monster Stats

From monster.xml — useful for calibrating your expected damage output.

ID	Level	ATK	Var	DEF	MATK	MDEF	HIT	DODGE	Crit%
1	4	41	2	41	41	41	32	24	5%
2	7	55	2	59	55	59	47	33	5%
4	7	55	2	59	55	59	47	33	5%
5	6	51	2	53	51	53	42	30	5%

Skill Node Stat Bonuses

Each skill provides bonus stats per invested node (from skill.xml). These stack with equipment.

Skill	Type	Main bonus / node	Secondary
Life Magic (生命技能)	Magic	MATK +4	pt1 +10
Necro Magic (死靈法術)	Magic	MATK +4	pt2 +10
Chaos Magic (混亂法術)	Magic	MATK +4	pt3 +10
Earth Magic (大地法術)	Magic	MATK +4	pt4 +10
Swordsmanship (劍術)	Melee	ATK +4	pt5 +2, pt6 +2, pt7 +10
Axe/Hammer (斧錘)	Melee	ATK +4	pt5 +2, pt6 +10, pt7 +2
Spear (槍術)	Melee	ATK +4	pt8 +10
Heavy Armor (強身)	Defense	DEF +2, CON +2	—
Accuracy (蓄勁)	Utility	HIT +4	—
Shield (盾防)	Defense	DEF +4	—
Archery (弓箭)	Ranged	ATK +4	pt9 +10
Agility (格鬥)	Utility	DODGE +4	—
Sniper (狙擊)	Ranged	ATK +2	exclusive with Archery
Hawk Eye (鷹眼)	Ranged	HIT +2, DODGE +2	—
Magic Shield (魔導)	Magic	MDEF +2, SPR +2	—
Combat Arts (吟咒)	Hybrid	ATK +2, MATK +1, MDEF +1	—

Quick Damage Calculator

Physical Auto-Attack

Your ATK (平均攻擊)

ATK Variance (攻擊變數)

Target DEF (防禦)

Damage range —

With crit (×1.5) —

Spell Damage

Spell base (平均傷害)

Variance (傷害變數)

Coefficient % (傷害係數)

Target MDEF (魔防)

Spell damage range —

Data source: All values reverse-engineered from AO pak files (data1/setting/base/magic.xml, monster.xml, item.xml, skill.xml). The core formula coefficients (exact crit multiplier, hit/dodge ratio) are compiled into the game server binary and cannot be extracted from pak files.

TTK Calculator — Time to Kill

How long to kill a target given your stats. Attack speed is not in the pak files — enter it manually. Default 2 s = typical melee auto-attack; staves ~3 s; skills vary by cast+cooldown.

Target — search or enter manually

Monster name

Target HP

⚔ Physical TTK

Your ATK

ATK Variance

Target DEF

Crit rate %

Attack interval (s) seconds between hits

Avg damage / hit —

Hits to kill — (min – avg – max)

Time to kill —

DPS —

✨ Spell TTK

Spell base (平均傷害)

Variance (傷害變數)

Coefficient % (係數)

Target MDEF

Cast + cooldown (s) seconds per cast cycle

Avg damage / cast —

Casts to kill — (min – avg – max)

Time to kill —

DPS —

TTK uses average damage for the "avg" column and best/worst rolls for min/max. Crit is factored into average DPS as: avg_dmg × (1 + crit_rate × 0.5). Attack speed is not in pak files — must be entered manually.

ID	Level	ATK	Var	DEF	MATK	MDEF	HIT	DODGE	Crit%
1	4	41	2	41	41	41	32	24	5%
2	7	55	2	59	55	59	47	33	5%
4	7	55	2	59	55	59	47	33	5%
5	6	51	2	53	51	53	42	30	5%

ID	Level	ATK	Var	DEF	MATK	MDEF	HIT	DODGE	Crit%
1	4	41	2	41	41	41	32	24	5%
2	7	55	2	59	55	59	47	33	5%
4	7	55	2	59	55	59	47	33	5%
5	6	51	2	53	51	53	42	30	5%

ID	Level	ATK	Var	DEF	MATK	MDEF	HIT	DODGE	Crit%
1	4	41	2	41	41	41	32	24	5%
2	7	55	2	59	55	59	47	33	5%
4	7	55	2	59	55	59	47	33	5%
5	6	51	2	53	51	53	42	30	5%